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Essay Instructions: Writer's Username: Tomar

Africa Study

There are four questions you need to answer in the essay.

1) Give a brief description of Africans' way of life prior to the Atlantic Slave Trade, meaning their Political, economic, cultural and societal organizations. Please take into consideration the Documentary films : " Caravans of Gold" and " King and City".

2) Do you agree or disagree with Eric Williaam's Theory that econmics, not racism was root of African slavery? Contrast that with Linda M. Heywood and John K. Thornton's theory on European and African Culture Differences.

3) In a short paragraph describe the following:
a) The curse on the Sons of Ham
b) The middle Passage
For this answer take into account the documentary films "Goree: The door of No Return" and
"Black Sugar"

4) what effects the slave trade had in africa and in Europe. Be explicit. See Northrup.

Essay Instructions: *IF POSSIBLE, WRITER REQ: 1st-Serban, 2nd-heatherk13, if neither an option then any available...*

Slave Trade Demography Assignment

In this assignment turn the raw data of British shipping records into a body of useful analyzable statistical data. The collective work will replicate the efforts of a statistically-oriented historian working on understanding the size and shape of the slave trade. Such a professional historian would ask of the data all of the questions we will, and many more. This assignment takes these questions and parcels them out to individual students - we are in essence a large research collective each working on a specific topic within a larger inquiry.

We will rely on transcribed records documenting slave imports to the colonies of New York, Virginia, South Carolina, and Georgia from Elizabeth Donnan’s Documents Illustrative of the History of the Slave Trade to America. The dates of these records vary somewhat although all cover the mid-eighteenth century - a high water mark in the British transatlantic slave trade. The bulk of this project relies on scanning, counting, adding, and multiplying - the regular tasks of the statistical historian. You will need to utilize the relevant section of the records, but everyone is encouraged to put some time into looking over the other records your particular assignment does not include. Each student will put together a brief paper presenting all the resulting numbers and discussing your observations from your romp in the records.

Once this work is all completed we will use part of our class time to tabulate what we have gleaned and discuss our first hand observations of the slave trade. Keep an eye out for temporal changes - for example do numbers seem to cluster in certain decades or is there a visible trend? Look for changes in shipping patterns and other shifts over time. Above all ??" think about implications! If you run into questions or problems as you plug through the data please feel free to contact me.

In the paper please provide the resulting data and reflect on the trade implications of your findings. What kinds of questions might we ask of this data, and what were your overall observations (NO PROJECTING CURRENT SOCIAL/POLITICAL VIEWS, base your observation from the professional historical perspective!) of the trade viewed from these records?

Specific Assigned Slave Trade Demography For This Historical Research Paper:
1.) Find the NY total numbers from Africa and which locations if indicated. Mean average numbers.
2.) Find the total number of shipments to VA from “Bonny". Mean average numbers.
There are faxes for this order.

Essay Instructions: ONLY SOURCE: The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano Written by Himself

TOPIC:
The African Slave Trade: How are the opinions against slavery connected to the Enlightenment? What part of the experiences of Olaudah Equiano and Thomas Phillips do you think were most effective in the anti-slavery side of the debate over the slave trade?

CITATION: Must cite evidence (direct quotes) from the book to support your argument. Evidence provides proof that your argument is valid. When citing evidence, you use quotation marks if directly quoting, followed by a page number in parentheses. If putting the evidence into your own words you must include the page number. A combination of direct quotes and paraphrasing should be used throughout your paper.

• EVIDENCE & ANALYSIS: Each paragraph should follow its topic sentence with at least one piece of evidence; either a direct quote or paraphrase and your explanation of that evidence.

Essay Instructions: To what extent does Equiano’s awareness of his lowly status as a slave impel him to turn to a European religion; adopt European (capitalist) business practices; and become an ‘individual’ in the European and/or Enlightenment sense of that term? Do you think Equiano abandoned his ‘roots,’ by participating enthusiastically in European wars, religion, and commerce (including the slave trade), etc? Did he ‘sell out’ to some extent? Obviously, Equiano is a complex character. He was an abolitionist but he also participated in the slave trade and advocated the colonization of Africa (at the end of his memoir). Try to explain some of the tensions or contradictions in his character, by looking both at his psychology and at some of the social forces at work in the Eighteenth Century or Enlightenment era. Its up to you to devise a main point about Equiano that gets at his complexity without being meandering! Don’t just answer the questions!)